Simple Peltier Refrigerator Circuit

This guide will walk you through the steps of creating a simple refrigerator using a Peltier device. Let's dive in!

What's a Peltier Device?

A Peltier device is a unique chip with two sides. When you run electricity through it, one side gets hot, while the other side gets cold. That's what we'll use to make our mini fridge!

The Science Behind the Cool

Our mini fridge uses a special chip called a Peltier device. This relies on a scientific principle called the thermoelectric effect. Imagine a chip with two sides made of different materials. When you run electricity through it, one side gets hot and the other cold – like a mini heat pump!

Building the Fridge

To make the fridge work best, the hot side needs to stay cool. That's why we attach a heatsink, a large piece of metal (like aluminum or copper) that draws away the heat. The cold side goes inside a well-insulated box, like a cooler made of styrofoam. This keeps the cold air trapped for your drinks or snacks!

The diagram shows this setup: two Peltier devices with metal plates attached. One plate gets hot, the other cold. The cold plates are inside the insulated box, while the hot plates with heatsinks are exposed to the outside air, radiating the heat away.

Complete diagram for understanding How to Make a Simple Peltier Refrigerator at Home.

Key features of the Peltier module:

• Hot side temperature: This can range from 25°C to 50°C, depending on operating conditions.
• Maximum cooling capacity (Qmax): The module can move up to 50 watts (W) or 57 watts (W) of heat, depending on the specific temperature difference.
• Maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax): The maximum temperature difference that can be created between the hot and cold sides is 66°C or 75°C.
• Maximum current (Imax): The maximum current the module can draw is 6.4 amps (A).
• Maximum voltage (Vmax): The maximum voltage required to operate the module is 14.4 volts (V) or 16.4 volts (V).
• Module resistance: The electrical resistance of the module can range from 1.98 ohms (Ω) to 2.30 ohms (Ω).